E nīnau paha ʻoe iā ʻoe iho, "He aha ka mea maʻamau i ka alumini i nā kaʻa?" a i ʻole "He aha ka mea e pili ana i ka alumini ka mea i lilo i mea waiwai nui no nā kino kaʻa?" me ka ʻike ʻole ua hoʻohana ʻia ka alumini i ka hana kaʻa mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kaʻa. I ka makahiki 1889 ua hana ʻia ka alumini ma ka nui a hoʻolei ʻia, ʻōwili ʻia, a hana ʻia i loko o nā kaʻa.
Ua hopu nā mea hana kaʻa i ka manawa kūpono e hana me kahi mea maʻalahi ma mua o ke kila. I kēlā manawa, aia wale nō nā ʻano alumini maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka palupalu a loaʻa i ka formability maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi e paʻa i ka manawa. ʻO kēia mau mea i alakaʻi i nā mea hana kaʻa e hoʻolei i ke one a hana i nā paneli kino nui a laila wili ʻia a hoʻoliʻi ʻia e ka lima.
Ma ka waena o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻohana kekahi o nā mea hana kaʻa kaulana i ka alumini i nā kaʻa. Aia kēia me Bugatti, Ferrari, BMW, Mercedes, a me Porsche.
No ke aha e koho ai i ka alumini ma nā kaʻa?
ʻO nā kaʻa he mau mīkini paʻakikī i loaʻa ma kahi o 30,000 mau ʻāpana. ʻO nā kino kaʻa, a i ʻole ka iwi iwi o ke kaʻa, ʻo ia ke kumu kūʻai nui a koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana o nā kaʻa.
Loaʻa iā lākou nā paneli waho e hāʻawi i ke ʻano o ke kaʻa, a me nā panela i loko e hana i ka hoʻoikaika. Hoʻopili ʻia nā panela i nā pou a me ke ala. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kino kaʻa i nā puka mua a me hope, nā kaola ʻenekini, nā pio huila, nā pahu, nā puʻupuʻu, nā keʻena kaʻa, mua, ka hale, a me ka papahele papahele.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke kino ka mea nui loa no nā kino kaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, pono e māmā nā kino kaʻa, hiki ke hana ʻia, kūpaʻa i ka ʻōpala, a loaʻa nā ʻano maikaʻi i ʻimi ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku, e like me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻopau maikaʻi loa.
Hoʻopiha ka alumini i ka laulā o kēia mau koi no kekahi mau kumu:
ʻAno ʻano
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka alumini kahi mea maʻalahi loa. ʻO ke ʻano o ka alumini a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion e maʻalahi ka hana a me ke ʻano.
Loaʻa iā ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka pepa alumini, ka pahu alumini, ka pā alumini, ka pahu alumini, ka paipu alumini, ke kahawai alumini, ka pahu alumini, ka pahu alumini, a me ke kihi alumini.
Hiki i ka versatility ke lilo i mea koho no ke ʻano o nā noi kaʻa e koi ana i nā ʻano like ʻole, ʻo ia ka nui a me ke ʻano, ka ikaika e hāʻawi ai, ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke ʻano, a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa corrosion.
ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka hana
Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka hana a me ka versatility ma o nā kaʻina hana like ʻole, e like me ka paʻakikī bake, ka hana a me ka paʻakikī o ka ua, ke kaha kiʻi, annealing, ka hoʻolei ʻana, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a me ka extrusion. Ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻenehana welding i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e hoʻohui i ka alumini me ka maʻalahi o ka hana me nā hopena palekana.
Māmā a Paʻa
He kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika a me ke kaumaha o ka alumini, ʻo ia hoʻi he māmā a paʻa. ʻO nā ʻano kaʻa kaʻa i ka alumini ua kālele i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kaumaha o nā kaʻa, kahi pahuhopu nui i ka ʻoihana i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā pahuhopu hoʻokuʻu ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
ʻO ka noiʻi i alakaʻi ʻia e Drive Aluminum hōʻoia i ka alumini i loko o nā kaʻa e hōʻemi ana i ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa a hoʻonui i ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka laulā o nā kaʻa uila (EV). No ka mea ke alakaʻi nei ka makemake o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kaiapuni i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o EV, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo e piʻi mau ka alumini i loko o nā kino kaʻa ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻopau ai i ke kaumaha o nā pihi a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Hiki i ka Alloying
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kēlā alumini me nā ʻano mea e hoʻonui ai i nā ʻano e like me ka ikaika, conductivity uila, a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion e hoʻonui i kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana kaʻa.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka alumini i loko o nā moʻo alloy i hoʻoholo ʻia e kā lākou mau mea hoʻohui nui. ʻO ka pūʻulu alumini alumini 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, a me 7xxx alumini alumini i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā kino kaʻa.
Ka papa inoa o nā papa alumini ma nā kino kaʻa
1100
ʻO ka 1xxx series of alumini ka alumini maʻemaʻe loa i loaʻa. Ma ka 99% maʻemaʻe, 1100 ka pepa alumini he malleable loa. Hōʻike ia i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion maikaʻi loa. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā mea hoʻohui mua i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa a hoʻohana mau ʻia i kēia lā, ʻoi loa i nā insulators wela.
2024
Hoʻopili ʻia ka moʻo 2xxx o ka alumini me ke keleawe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo 2024 i ka hana ʻana i nā pistons, nā ʻāpana haki, nā rotors, nā cylinders, nā huila a me nā mea e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa luhi maikaʻi.
3003, 3004, 3105
ʻO ka 3xxx manganese moʻo alumini he mea hiki ke hoʻohālikelike. E ʻike paha ʻoe i ka 3003, 3004 a me 3105.
Hōʻike ʻo 3003 i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻohua maikaʻi, hiki ke hana, a me ka hiki ke kaha kiʻi. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka paipu automotive, panelling, a me ka hoʻolele mana no nā hybrids a me EV.
Kaʻana like ʻo 3004 i nā hiʻohiʻona he nui o 3003, a hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia no nā panela cowl grille a me nā radiators.
Loaʻa iā 3105 ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi, formability, a me nā hiʻohiʻona wili. Hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka pepa kino kaʻa, no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fenders, nā puka, a me ka papahele papahele.
4032
Hoʻopili ʻia ka moʻo 4xxx o ka alumini me ke silika. E hoʻohana ʻia ʻo 4032 no nā pistons, compressor scrolls, a me nā ʻāpana ʻenekini no ka mea e hōʻike ana i ka weldability maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa abrasion.
5005, 5052, 5083, 5182, 5251
ʻO 5xxx series kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa no nā kino kaʻa alumini. ʻO kāna mea hoʻohui nui he magnesium, i ʻike ʻia e hoʻonui i ka ikaika.
Hōʻike ʻia ʻo 5005 i ka paneling kino, nā pahu wahie, nā papa hoʻokele, a me nā paipu.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo 5052 ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻohana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ʻike ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana kaʻa he nui ma muli o ka hopena. E ʻike ʻoe iā ia i loko o nā pahu wahie, nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā papa hoʻokuʻu ʻia, ka paneling hōʻike, bracketry, disk a me ka pahu pahu, a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa koʻikoʻi ʻole he nui.
He mea maikaʻi loa ʻo 5083 no nā ʻāpana kaʻa paʻakikī e like me nā kumu mīkini a me ka paneling kino.
Hōʻike ʻia ʻo 5182 ma ke ʻano he kumu nui no nā kino kaʻa. ʻO nā mea a pau mai ka bracketry structural, i nā puka, nā hood, a me nā papa hope ʻēheu mua.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo 5251 ma ka ʻāpana kaʻa.
6016, 6022, 6061, 6082, 6181
Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻenehana alumini 6xxx me ka magnesium a me ke silika, ke kaena nei lākou i kekahi o ka extrusion maikaʻi loa a me ka hoʻolei ʻana, a hōʻike i ke ʻano hoʻopau maikaʻi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo 6016 a me 6022 i ka uhi kino kaʻa, nā puka, nā kumu, nā hale, nā fenders a me nā pā o waho kahi kī nui o ka pale ʻana.
Hōʻike ʻo 6061 i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ʻia ma nā lālā keʻa, nā kaʻa, nā huila propeller shaft, nā kino kaʻa a me nā kaʻa, nā ʻeke ea, a me nā pahu hoʻokipa.
Loaʻa iā 6082 kekahi o nā hopena maikaʻi loa. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka ukana.
Mālama ʻo 6181 ma ke ʻano he paneling kino waho.
7003, 7046
ʻO ka 7xxx ka mea ikaika loa a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o ka papa alloy, i hui pū ʻia me ka zinc a me ka magnesium.
ʻO 7003 kahi huila extrusion i hoʻohana mua ʻia no nā ʻano welded i ka hana ʻana i nā kaola hopena, nā mea paheʻe noho, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka bumper, nā papa kaʻa kaʻa, a me nā rims.
Loaʻa iā 7046 nā mana hollow extrusion a me ke ʻano kuʻi maikaʻi. Hōʻike ia i nā noi like me 7003.
ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o Aluminum ma nā kaʻa
Loaʻa iā mākou nā kumu āpau e manaʻoʻiʻo ai ʻo ka mea a nā mea hana kaʻa i ʻohi ai i ka hopena o ka makahiki 1800 he ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ia i kēia lā: ʻo ka alumini kahi koho maikaʻi loa no nā kaʻa! Mai ka wā i hoʻomaka mua ʻia ai, ua hoʻonui wale ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka alumini i nā kaʻa a me nā ʻenehana hana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia me ka hopohopo honua e pili ana i ka hoʻomau a me ka hopena o ke kaiapuni, manaʻo ʻia ka alumini e hoʻokō i kahi ākea nui a me ka hohonu o ka hopena i ka ʻoihana automotive.
Mea kākau: Sara Montijo
Puna:https://www.kloecknermetals.com/blog/aluminum-in-cars/
(No ka hewa, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona mai iā mākou i holoi ʻia.)
Hoʻoponopono ʻia e May Jiang mai MAT Aluminum
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-22-2023
